NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, and was released in 1998 as an addendum to the early design plans released in 1994. The plan is for a series of multiple launches to send various space transpiration, surface exploration hardware, and human crew to Mars, and to return the crew to Earth in the early 21st century. Various technologies are explored to launch the payloads into space, to send them to Mars, and to reduce overall weight of the mission by various technologies or techniques including nuclear, solar, aerobraking, and in-situ resource use
Page Revisions
| Year | Metadata | Sections | Top Words | First Paragraph |
| 2018 |
33003 characters 9 sections 9 paragraphs 5 images 80 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.325 mission 0.292 plan 0.211 reduce 0.194 launches 0.177 human 0.164 exploration 0.162 crew 0.158 aerobraking 0.158 version 0.156 architecture 0.143 stimulate 0.142 hardware 0.129 situ 0.124 vehicle 0.118 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, and was released in 1998 as an addendum to the early design plans released in 1994. The plan is for a series of multiple launches to send various space transpiration, surface exploration hardware, and human crew to Mars, and to return the crew to Earth in the early 21st century. Various technologies are explored to launch the payloads into space, to send them to Mars, and to reduce overall weight of the mission by various technologies or techniques including nuclear, solar, aerobraking, and in-situ resource use |
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| 2017 |
23641 characters 5 sections 4 paragraphs 4 images 63 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.422 mission 0.285 version 0.228 architecture 0.209 human 0.200 reduce 0.170 exploration 0.169 delivery 0.156 1991 0.130 architectural 0.130 deleting 0.130 jsc 0.123 nasa 0.123 1990s 0.119 work 0.117 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars. |
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| 2016 |
22406 characters 5 sections 4 paragraphs 3 images 63 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.422 mission 0.285 version 0.228 architecture 0.209 human 0.200 reduce 0.170 exploration 0.169 delivery 0.156 1991 0.130 architectural 0.130 deleting 0.130 jsc 0.123 nasa 0.123 1990s 0.119 work 0.117 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars. |
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| 2015 |
22171 characters 5 sections 4 paragraphs 3 images 63 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.422 mission 0.285 version 0.228 architecture 0.209 human 0.200 reduce 0.170 exploration 0.169 delivery 0.156 1991 0.130 architectural 0.130 deleting 0.130 jsc 0.123 nasa 0.123 1990s 0.119 work 0.117 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars. |
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| 2014 |
25674 characters 5 sections 5 paragraphs 5 images 75 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.411 mission 0.277 version 0.222 architecture 0.204 human 0.195 reduce 0.166 exploration 0.165 delivery 0.151 nasa 0.143 1991 0.126 architectural 0.126 drm 0.126 deleting 0.126 jsc 0.120 1990s 0.116 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, but has since been superseded by newer NASA DRM (Including 4 and 5 in the following decade). [ citation needed ] |
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| 2013 |
25458 characters 5 sections 5 paragraphs 5 images 74 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.411 mission 0.277 version 0.222 architecture 0.204 human 0.195 reduce 0.166 exploration 0.165 delivery 0.151 nasa 0.143 1991 0.126 architectural 0.126 drm 0.126 deleting 0.126 jsc 0.120 1990s 0.116 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, but has since been superseded by newer NASA DRM (Including 4 and 5 in the following decade). [ citation needed ] |
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| 2012 |
17766 characters 4 sections 4 paragraphs 6 images 23 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.411 mission 0.277 version 0.222 architecture 0.204 human 0.195 reduce 0.166 exploration 0.165 delivery 0.151 nasa 0.143 1991 0.126 architectural 0.126 drm 0.126 deleting 0.126 jsc 0.120 1990s 0.116 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, but has since been superseded by newer NASA DRM (Including 4 and 5 in the following decade). [ citation needed ] |
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| 2011 |
17737 characters 4 sections 3 paragraphs 6 images 23 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.411 mission 0.277 version 0.222 architecture 0.204 human 0.195 reduce 0.166 exploration 0.165 delivery 0.151 nasa 0.143 1991 0.126 architectural 0.126 drm 0.126 deleting 0.126 jsc 0.120 1990s 0.116 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, but has since been superseded by newer NASA DRM (Including 4 and 5 in the following decade). [ citation needed ] |
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| 2010 |
15470 characters 4 sections 3 paragraphs 5 images 16 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.413 mission 0.279 version 0.224 architecture 0.205 human 0.196 reduce 0.167 exploration 0.166 delivery 0.152 nasa 0.144 1991 0.127 architectural 0.127 drm 0.127 deleting 0.127 jsc 0.121 1990s 0.116 |
NASA Design Reference Mission 3.0 was a NASA study for a human space mission to the planet Mars in the 1990s. It was a plan for a human exploration architecture for Mars, but has since been superseded by newer NASA DRM (Including 4 and 5 in the following decade). |
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| 2009 |
16148 characters 4 sections 3 paragraphs 5 images 16 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.413 mission 0.279 version 0.224 architecture 0.205 human 0.196 reduce 0.167 exploration 0.166 delivery 0.152 nasa 0.144 1991 0.127 architectural 0.127 drm 0.127 deleting 0.127 jsc 0.121 1990s 0.116 |
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| 2008 |
15560 characters 3 sections 2 paragraphs 5 images 14 internal links 16 external links |
1. External links: NASA Design Reference Mission |
reference 0.433 mission 0.268 version 0.234 architecture 0.215 reduce 0.175 exploration 0.174 human 0.165 delivery 0.160 1991 0.133 architectural 0.133 deleting 0.133 jsc 0.127 work 0.120 principally 0.118 effectiveness 0.114 |
The term Design Reference Mission 3.0 refers to a NASA study on a human exploration architecture for Mars. The study was performed by the NASA Mars Exploration Team at the NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC) in the 1990s. Personnel representing several NASA field centers formulated a “Reference Mission” addressing human exploration of Mars. The plan describes the first human missions to Mars with concept of operations and technologies to be used as a first cut at an architecture. The architecture for the Mars Reference Mission builds on previous work, principally on the work of the Synthesis Group (1991) and Robert Zubrin's (1991) concepts for the use of propellants derived from the Martian atmosphere. The primary purpose of the Reference Mission was to stimulate further thought and development of alternative approaches which can improve effectiveness, reduce risks, and reduce cost. Improvements can be made at several levels; for example, in the architectural, mission, and system levels. |
| 2007 |
13412 characters 2 sections 2 paragraphs 5 images 4 internal links 16 external links |
reference 0.434 mission 0.268 version 0.235 architecture 0.215 reduce 0.175 exploration 0.174 human 0.165 delivery 0.160 1991 0.133 architectural 0.133 deleting 0.133 jsc 0.127 work 0.120 principally 0.118 effectiveness 0.114 |
The term Design Reference Mission 3.0 refers to a NASA study on a human exploration architecture for Mars. The study was performed by the NASA Mars Exploration Team at the NASA's Johnson Space Center (JSC) in the 1990s. Personnel representing several NASA field centers formulated a “Reference Mission” addressing human exploration of Mars. The plan describes the first human missions to Mars with concept of operations and technologies to be used as a first cut at an architecture. The architecture for the Mars Reference Mission builds on previous work, principally on the work of the Synthesis Group (1991) and Zubrin’s (1991) concepts for the use of propellants derived from the martian atmosphere. The primary purpose of the Reference Mission was to stimulate further thought and development of alternative approaches which can improve effectiveness, reduce risks, and reduce cost. Improvements can be made at several levels; for example, in the architectural, mission, and system levels. |